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Management is both science and art. Explain.
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Management as a Science—Science is the systematised body of knowledge pertaining to a particular field of enquiry. Such systematised body of knowledge contains concepts, theories, experimentation
and principles which are universal and true. The various concepts and principles of science are developed on the basis of observation and experiments.
Management has a systematised body of knowledge pertaining to its field and the various concepts, principles and techniques have been developed through deductive and inductive reasoning.
In the field of management, some of the important techniques relate to budgeting, cost accounting, planning and control such techniques are parts of management theory and are a means of helping to managers who undertake activities most effectively.
But management is not so exact a science as other physical sciences like Physics, Chemistry etc. The main reason for the inexactness of science of management is that it deals with the people and it is very difficult to predict their behaviour accurately. Since it is social process, it falls in the area of Social Sciences. Management is a behavioural science. Its theories and principles are situation bound because of which their applicability does not necessarily end to the same results every time.
Management as an Art—Art is the bringing about a desired result through the application of skill. It is concerned with the application of knowledge and skills.
Management is one of the most creative art as it require a vast knowledge and certain innovating,
initiating, implementing and integrating skills in relation to goals, resources, techniques and results. As
an art, management calls for a corpus of abilities, intuition and judgment and a continuous practice of
management theories and principles.
Management is an art because:
(1) The process of management does involve the use of know-how and skills.
(2) The process of management is directed towards the accomplishment of concrete results.
(3) Like any other art, management is creative in the sense that management creates new situations needed for further improvement.
(4) Management is personalised meaning thereby that there's notest management. Every man in this profession has his individual approach and technique in solving problems. The success of managerial task is related with personality of the men, character and knowledge. 
Thus we can conclude that management is both a science and an art.
