How does motivation affects employees?

[luttu]

"Motivation is simply a matter of skillful use of carrots and sticks". Discuss.

[luttu]

According to Flippo "Motivation is the process of attempting to influence others to do your will through the possibility of gain or reward." v It is clear from the above definitions that motivation is nothing but an act of inducement, to achieve a certain goal. Motivation is a process consisting of (1) the motive (2) the needs, drives, desires, aspirations etc. and (3) attainment of the objectives.
Characteristics of Motivation
On the analysis of definition of motivation, we can drive the following characteristics of motivation:
(1) Motivation is a psychological phenomenon—Motivation is an internal feeling which generates within an individual. Motivator factors are always unconscious but they are to be aroused by managerial actions.
(2) Motivation is based on needs—Needs may be consciously or unconsciously felt. Needs may be (a) fundamental needs such as food, clothes, shelter etc. and (b) ego-satisfaction needs such as self- development, self actualisation. These needs vary with individuals and with the same individual over time.
(3) Goals are motivators—Motivation causes goal-directed behaviour. Feeling of needs by the person causes him to behave in such a way that the tries to satisfy himself. Goal and motives cannot be separated. Therefore it is essential for the management to know employee's goal to push him to work because a man works to achieve the goals. As soon as the goal is achieved, he would be no longer interested in work.
(4) Motivation is different from satisfaction—Motivation implies a drive toward an outcome while satisfaction involves outcomes already experienced satisfaction is the contentment experienced when a want is satisfied.
(5) Motivation is a continuous process—Motivation is an unending process. Wants are innumerable and cannot be satisfied at one time. If one basic need is adequately satisfied for a given individual it loses power as a motivator. But other needs continue to emerge. As satisfaction of needs is an unending process, so the process of motivation is also unending.
(6) Motivation is related to person in totality—Person in totality, not in part, is motivated. A person's basic needs are inter-related because each individual is an integrated organised whole.

[BP HATWAL]

good article but can we include both aspects of negative & positive motivation & also intrinsic & extrinsic motivation? please confirm. Regards.
BP hatwal